Recommendations of diagnosis and treatment of juvenile idiopathic arthritis in China / 中华内科杂志

The common clinical subtypes of juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) include systemic onset juvenile idiopathic arthritis (SOJIA), oligoarthritis/polyarthritis juvenile idiopathic arthritis and juvenile spondyloarthritis. Juvenile idiopathic arthritis has no specific diagnostic index, and needs to be differentiated from infectious diseases and malignant diseases. The onset of SOJIA is rapid, the disease progresses rapidly, and it is easy to be complicated with macrophage activation syndrome (MAS) which is life-threatening. The experience of pediatric rheumatologists in dealing with JIA is still insufficient, and the standardized diagnosis and treatment level of this disease needs to be further improved. Based on the experience and guidelines of diagnosis and treatment in China and abroad, we formulated this diagnosis and treatment standard, aiming at standardizing the diagnosis and treatment of the subtypes of JIA and MAS, so as to reduce the incidence of disability and serious complications and improve the prognosis.

Clinicopathological features of adenoid cystic carcinoma of the breast / 肿瘤研究与临床

Objective:To investigate the clinicopathological characteristics, gene mutation and prognosis of adenoid cystic carcinoma of the breast (AdCC).Methods:A total of 12 cases of AdCC samples archived at Linyi Cancer Hospital from January 2008 to December 2021 were collected, including 8 cases of classic adenoid cystic carcinoma (C-AdCC) and 4 cases of solid-basaloid adenoid cystic carcinoma (SB-AdCC). Histomorphology, immunohistochemicstry and molecular genetics were performed to analyze the clinicopathological characteristics and the prognosis of AdCC.Results:C-AdCC patients grew in the shape of beam-tubuler and cribriform architecture, with characteristic structures of true and pseudoadenoid lumen; SB-AdCC patients grew in nests and solid, with moderate to severe atypia, necrosis and high mitotic count. Immunohistochemistry showed that CK7, CK5/6, p63 and S-100 were expressed in 8 cases of C-AdCC, and CD117 and CD10 were diffusely expressed in 4 cases of SB-AdCC. Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) showed that 3 C-AdCC patients had MYB gene break. Next-generation sequencing (NGS) revealed NOTCH1 gene mutation was detected in 2 SB-AdCC patients. No lymph node metastasis was observed in 8 patients with C-AdCC, but 2 had postoperative lymph node metastasis in 4 patients with SB-AdCC.Conclusions:C-AdCC mainly grows in beam-tubular and sieve shape, with low-grade atypia and good prognosis. Some cases have MYB-NFIB fusion gene. SB-AdCC mainly shows nest-mass, solid growth, moderate to severe atypia, necrosis and mitosis (>5/10 high power field) as well as poor prognosis; some patients have NOTCH1 gene mutation.

Investigation of infection status of Yersinia in main host animals of plague in Xiahe and Luqu counties of Gansu Province / 中华地方病学杂志

Objective:To investigate the infection status of Yersinia in the main host animals of plague in Xiahe and Luqu counties, the Himalayan marmot plague foci of Gansu Province, and to provide a basis for exploring the epidemic status of plague in these foci. Methods:Samples of the ileocecal region and contents, pharyngeal swabs (or tongue roots), and blood of the main host animals of plague in Xiahe County and Luqu County where the plague were active in the 1950s and 1960s were collected from 2014 to 2018. The Yersinia isolation, virulence determination and F1 antibody detection were performed, respectively. Results:Totally 24 strains of Yersinia were detected in 958 samples of ileocecal region and contents with a bacterial detection rate of 2.51%, which were 13 strains of Yersinia enterocolitia (Y.e), 1 strain of Yersinia kristensenii (Y.k), 2 strains of Yersinia frederiksenii/ intermedia (Y.f/i), 6 strains of Yersinia intermedia (Y.i), 1 strain of Yersinia aldouae (Y.a) and 1 strain of Yersinia massiliensis (Y.m). Totally 19 strains of Yersinia were detected in 958 samples of pharyngeal swabs (or tongue roots), and the detection rate was 1.98%, which were 8 strains of Y.e, 1 strain of Yersinia pseudotuberculosis (Y.p), 4 strains of Y.k, 1 strain of Y.f/i, 4 strains of Y.i, and 1 strain of Yersinia ruckeri (Y.r). The virulence types of 21 strains of Y.e were ail -ystA -ystB +yadA -virF -rfbc -, ail -ystA -ystB -yadA -virF -rfbc -, respectively, accounting for 9.52% (2/21) and 90.48% (19/21), none were pathogenic. The results of F1 antibody in 1 079 serum samples were all negative. Conclusions:Yersinia are widely found in the pharynx and intestines of the main host animals of plague in Xiahe and Luqu counties, and the Y.e detected are all non-pathogenic strains. The results of this investigation can provide clues for further study on the preservation of Yersinia pestis in host animals and their living environment.

Clinical phenotype and immunological features of a patient with A20 haploinsufficiency / 中华儿科杂志

Objective@#To explore the clinical phenotype, immunological features, pathogenesis and gene variation of a case with A20 haploinsufficiency (HA20).@*Methods@#A patient diagnosed with tumor necrosis factor α-induced protein 3 (TNFAIP3) mutated HA20 was admitted into Shenzhen Children′s Hospital in May,2019.The clinical data was analyzed. Flow cytometry was used to detect the patient′s peripheral blood lymphocyte subsets, and also, the percentage of follicular helper T cell (TFH) cells in the patient and thirteen healthy controls. After the construction of empty vector, wild-type and mutant plasmid vectors, a wild-type or mutant overexpression system of the TNFAIP3 gene was established in 293T cells and Hela cells. Then, the expression level of A20 in 293T cells and the expression of inhibitor K binding α (IKBα) in green fluorescent protein (GFP)+Hela cells before and after tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α) stimulation were measured, to verify the pathogenicity of this variation.@*Results@#A 5 years and 11 months old boy, presented with recurrent oral ulcer, abdominal pain, joint swelling and arthralgia. Oral ulcer, chronic skin rashes, knee joint swelling were observed. The levels of inflammatory markers were increased. Colonoscopy showed congestion of mucosa and multiple ulcers in terminal ileum and ileocecus. The absolute number of naive B cells was 124×106 cells/L (reference range 147×106-431×106 cells/L), accounting for 0.430 of the total B cells (reference range 0.484-0.758). Compared to healthy controls (0.016-0.071), the percentage of TFH cells in CD4+T cells was much lower (0.008).A heterozygous mutation of TNFAIP3 gene (c.909_913 del, p.L303fs) was identified by genetic analysis. In vitro study showed that truncated A20 protein was expressed in TNFAIP3 mutant overexpressed 293T cells, which verified the pathogenicity of this variation. Besides, after TNF-α stimulation, the degradation rate of IkBα protein in mutant overexpressed Hela cells (35%) was between the other two groups (15% in the wild-type group and 57% in the non-loaded group).@*Conclusions@#This case with HA20 due to a de novo TNFAIP3 gene mutation presents with early onset Behcet-like autoinflammatory syndrome. This variation leads to expression of truncated A20 protein, enhanced degradation of IkBα, and further activation of nuclear factor κB signaling pathway.

X-linked neutropenia caused by gain-of-function mutation in WAS gene: two cases report and literature review / 中华儿科杂志

Objective@#To investigate the clinical and genotypic manifestations of X-linked neutropenia caused by gain-of-function mutation in WAS gene.@*Methods@#The clinical history of two patients with X-linked neutropenia caused by gain-of-function mutation in WAS gene in Shenzhen Children′s Hospital were analyzed."X-linked neutropenia" and "WAS mutation" were used as key words to search related literatures published from January 2000 to December 2018 in CNKI,Wanfang, and Pubmed databases.@*Results@#The first case was male,1 year old, admitted for 1 year of neutropenia combined with 5 days of cough and 3 days of fever. Persistent neutropenia (0.1×109-0.3×109/L) was reported before admission and during hospitalization (0.4×109-0.5×109/L). The patient was treated with Ciprofloxacin, cefoperazone sulbactam and Vancomycin,and relieved from fever after 4 weeks of hospitalization,yet the neutropenia (0.1×109-0.6×109/L) continued after discharge. Variant in WAS gene (c.T869C (p.I290T) ) was identified, and the percentage of WAS protein on lymphocyte was 97.7%. The second case was male, 42 days old,admitted for fever and neutropenia (0.5×109/L). Similarly,he relieved from fever after 4 weeks of treatment with amoxicillin sulbactam,vancomysin,meropenem,rifampin and isoniacid,yet was discharged with continued neutropenia. Variant in WAS gene (c.T881C (p.I294T)) was identified and the percentage of WAS protein on lymphocyte was 92%. Published literature reported four variants,including I290T, L270P, S272P and I294T, as the pathogenic mutation of X-linked neutropenia in 18 patients from five families. Neutropenia (0.1×109-1.0×109/L) were reported in 15 patients,while normal neutrophil number was found in the rest. Recurrent infection,mainly pneumonia and otitis media,was the most common clinical manifestation.@*Conclusions@#Neutropenia is the prominent presentation in the patients with X-linked neutropenia caused by gain-of-function mutation in WAS gene, but it unnecessarily correlates with the clinical severity in terms of infection. Gene sequencing should be considered for the male patients with persistent neutropenia.

Intraoperative sac coiling embolization in type Ⅱ endoleak high-risk population after endovascular aortic repair / 中华普通外科杂志

Objective@#To investigate the effectiveness and safety of intraoperative sac coiling embolization among patients who are athigh-risk developing type-Ⅱ endoleak after endovascular aortic repair(EVAR).@*Methods@#From Jan 2014 to Jan 2018, one hundred and twelve consecutive patients with infra-renal AAA were enrolled for this study, There were 76 patients undergoing standard EVAR (standard-group)and 36 patients doing aneurysmal sac coiling embolization (embo-group). Baseline characteristics, aneurysmal sac parameters, radiological intervention details and follow up results were recorded.@*Results@#Mean follow-up time was 25.9 m for embo-group. During follow-up period, no coils-related complications were noted and no type-Ⅱ endoleak associated secondary interventions were reported. A mean of (2.72±1.16) coils (range 1-7) was used in the embo-group. The incidence of type Ⅱ endoleak was 30.3%(23/76) in standard-group and 11.1%(4/36) in embo-group(χ2=4.90, P=0.027). Logistic multivariate analysis revealed that the independent risk factors of type Ⅱ endoleak after endovascular aortic repair for high-risk patients were those EVAR without sac embolization and sac volume≥128 cm3. In the subgroup analysis (sac volume≥128 cm3), the incidence of type-Ⅱ endoleak was lower in embo-group compared to standard-group (χ2=6.07, P=0.014).@*Conclusion@#Intraoperative sac coiling embolization in high-risk patients is safe and effective in prevention of type Ⅱ endoleak. This preventive effect is more significant with large sac aneurysm compared to small sac aneurysm.

Intraoperative sac coiling embolization in type Ⅱ endoleak high-risk population after endovascular aortic repair / 中华普通外科杂志

Objective To investigate the effectiveness and safety of intraoperative sac coiling embolization among patients who are athigh-risk developing type-Ⅱ endoleak after endovascular aortic repair (EVAR).Methods From Jan 2014 to Jan 2018,one hundred and twelve consecutive patients with infrarenal AAA were enrolled for this study,There were 76 patients undergoing standard EVAR (standard-group) and 36 patients doing aneurysmal sac coiling embolization (embo-group).Baseline characteristics,aneurysmal sac parameters,radiological intervention details and follow up results were recorded.Results Mean follow-up time was 25.9 m for embo-group.During follow-up period,no coils-related complications were noted and no type-Ⅱ endoleak associated secondary interventions were reported.A mean of (2.72 ± 1.16) coils (range 1-7) was used in the embo-group.The incidence of type Ⅱ endoleak was 30.3％ (23/76) in standard-group and 11.1％ (4/36) in embo-group(x2 =4.90,P =0.027).Logistic multivariate analysis revealed that the independent risk factors of type Ⅱ endoleak after endovascular aortic repair for high-risk patients were those EVAR without sac embolization and sac volume ≥ 128 cm3.In the subgroup analysis (sac volume≥ 128 cm3),the incidence of type-Ⅱ endoleak was lower in embo-group compared to standard-group (x2 =6.07,P =0.014).Conclusion Intraoperative sac coiling embolization in high-risk patients is safe and effective in prevention of type Ⅱ endoleak.This preventive effect is more significant with large sac aneurysm compared to small sac aneurysm.

Effect of miR-21 on the expression of interleukin-10 in B cell of patients with Henoch-Schonlein purpura / 中华儿科杂志

Objective@#To investigate the effect of microRNAs (miR)-21 on the expression of interleukin (IL)-10 in B cell of patients with Henoch-Schonlein purpura (HSP).@*Methods@#From March 2016 to January 2017, twenty-four children with HSP hospitalized in rheumatology and immunology department of Shenzhen Children′s Hospital were enrolled into the study, including 12 males and 12 females. Patients were divided into purpura nephritis group (HSPN, 14 cases) and non-nephritis group (NHSPN, 10 cases). The age-matched 34 healthy children were included as the control group for prospective cohort study. The expression levels of IL-10 in peripheral blood B cells (CD19+), transitional B cells (CD19+ CD24hiCD38hi) and naïve B cells (CD19+CD24intCD38int) from patients with HSP and healthy children were detected by flow cytometry (FCM). Expression of microRNAs related to IL-10 in B cells were quantitated by real-time PCR, including miR-21-5p, miR-106a-5p, miR-98-3p, miR-142-3p, miR-142-5p, miR-98-5p, miR-155-5p and miR-let7b-5p. Agomir negative control-FAM and agomir-21-5p-FAM were transfected into B cells from patients with HSP. The uptake of miRNA by B cells was observed by laser scanning confocal microscope and FCM, and the expression of IL-10 was detected by FCM after transfection. For quantitative data of normal distribution, t test was used for two samples comparison and multiple comparisons among three groups were conducted by ANOVA. Spearman test was used for correlation analysis.@*Results@#(1) The CD19+ B cells and its two populations at different differentiation stages all could express IL-10. The expression levels of IL-10 in three B cell populations in patients were significantly lower than those in healthy controls (1.4±0.2 vs. 2.4±0.3, t=3.501, P<0.01; 1.2±0.2 vs. 2.2±0.3, t=2.688, P<0.05; 1.6±0.3 vs. 2.7±0.4, t=2.498, P<0.05). Compared with healthy control and NHSPN groups, the expression of IL-10 in CD19+ B cells from patients within HSPN group was the lowest, and the difference was statistically significant (1.1±0.2 vs. 2.4±0.3, 1.8±0.3, t=4.006, 2.362, P<0.001, P<0.05). (2) The expression of miR-21-5p in B cell in patients with HSPN was lower than that in healthy control group (1.2±0.9 vs. 3.5±2.8, t=2.962, P<0.01). There was no significant change in the other microRNAs. (3) The expression of IL-10 was positively correlated with the expression of miR-21-5p in the B cells of patients with HSP (r=0.778, P<0.001). (4) The expression of IL-10 in B cells of miR-21-5p group was significantly higher than that in negative control group (2.7±0.2 vs. 1.6±0.3, t=3.091, P<0.05).@*Conclusion@#The insufficient expression of miR-21-5p in peripheral blood B cells of patients with HSP is one of the reasons for the reduction of IL-10 expression in B cells.

Clinical features and genetic analysis of a child with mosaic variegated aneuploidy syndrome / 中华医学遗传学杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To explore the clinical phenotype, genetic variant, treatment and prognosis of a child with mosaic variegated aneuploidy syndrome (MVAS).@*METHODS@#Immunological marker screening, chromosomal karyotyping and whole exome sequencing were carried out.@*RESULTS@#The 1-year-11-month old girl has featured severe growth retardation, feeding difficulty, short stature, microcephaly, facial anomalies, scoliosis, visual impairment, hypotonia, chylothorax, and renal lesions. Karyotype analysis of peripheral blood lymphocytes has discovered variegated aneuploidy cells (6/11). DNA sequencing has identified compound heterozygous c.826delG (p.Asp276Metfs*21) and c.2441G>A (p.Arg814His) variants in the BUB1B gene, which were inherited from her father and mother, respectively.@*CONCLUSION@#The compound heterozygous variants of the BUB1B gene probably underlie the pathogenesis in this patient.

Clinical features and mutational analysis of a case with Sensenbrenner syndrome / 中华医学遗传学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To explore the clinical characteristics of a patient with Sensenbrenner syndrome (also called cranioectodermal dysplasia type 3) caused by mutation of intraflagellar transport (IFT) 43 gene.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The clinical data of the patient was retrospectively analyzed. The target genes was the patient were captured and subjected to next generation sequencing. Suspected mutations were verified through Sanger sequencing.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The patient, a-13 year-and-5-month-old girl, was admitted for anemia and renal dysfunction for 8 months. Clinically, she has featured short stature, short limbs, brachydactylia, tooth agenesis, and retinal dystrophy, high-degree myopia, and chronic renal failure. Gene sequencing showed that she has carried a homozygous c.1A>G (p.M1V) mutation of the IFT43 gene, for which both of her parents were heterozygous carriers.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>c.1A>G (p.M1V) mutation of the C14ORF179/IFT43 gene is the cause for praecox chronic renal failure in children. Genetic testing can facilitate the diagnosis of this rare disorder. For affected families, prenatal diagnosis should be provided.</p>

Clinical features and genetic characteristics of primary immunodeficiency disease with skin symptoms in 15 children / 临床儿科杂志

Objective To explore the clinical features and genetic characteristics of primary immunodeficiency disease (PIDs) with skin symptoms in children. Methods The clinical data of PIDs with skin symptoms in 15 children from January 2014 to March 2017 were analyzed retrospectively. Results The median age at onset in 15 children was 4 months (neonatal period to 11 years 8 months). All of them showed obvious skin symptoms, including eczema or chilblain rash, pustular psoriasis, skin infections, subcutaneous hemorrhage or skin ecchymosis, ichthyosiform erythroderma, progeroid appearance, or other cutaneous vasculitis. The accompanying manifeslations included recurrent infections, auto inflammation, autoimmunity, growth retardation, or lymphoid proliferation, and impairment of brain, lung, kidney and other important organs. Eosinophil counts were increased in 5 children, IgE levels were elevated in 5 children, and 4 children were abnormal in both indicators. Gene detection showed WAS, RNASEH2C, NLRP12, IL36RN, NRAS, PIK3CD, STAT1, FOXP3, STAT3, DOCK8, TYK2, SPINK5, NBAS or ITGB2 gene mutations, respectively. Two children died from multiple organ dysfunction syndrome, 1 child was lost for follow up, the remaining 12 children survived and were under the individualized treatment. Conclusions A variety of PIDs can have skin symptoms. When accompanied by recurrent infections, auto inflammation, autoimmune, growth retardation, or lymph proliferation, PIDs should be considered, and gene detection is helpful for the diagnosis.

Establishment and observation for experimental model of rabbit ear replantation in situ / 中华显微外科杂志

Objective To establish a stable experimental model of vascularized composite allograft (VCA),which would facilitate us to study of the reaction and intervening measure regarding rejection reaction in the future.Methods From September,2016 to July,2017,30 healthy male New Zealand rabbits,weighted 2.5-3.0 kg each,were chosen.Their ears should be intact without defect or necrosis.All of them were randomly and eaqually divided into 2 groups:transverse amputated group and V-shaped amputated group.In situ ear replantation after the amputation was performed.Histology analysis of skin and cartilage were done through HE and TUNEL staining,in order to compare vital rate of these ears.Results Thirty rabbits underwent ear replantation,including 13 via transverse incision and 17 via V-shaped incision.In transverse group,no ear survived,and some of them encountered vein crisis gradually after operation.The survival time ranged from 1 day to 10 days.There were 2 ears survived in V-shaped group.From HE staining,it was found certain vacuolar degenerated cells within skin and cartilage in failure ears.The rates of cell necrosis and apoptosis were higher than the survived ears.Conclusion Rabbit ear replantation model is viable.However,the rabbit ear replantation model is not suitable to be used in large samples.

Lentivirus Delivery of the Short Hairpin RNA Targeting NDV P Gene Inhibits Production of the Newcastle Disease Virus in Chicken Embryo Fibroblasts and Chicken Embryos / 病毒学报

Small interfering ribonucleic acid (siRNA)-induced RNA degradation can inhibit viral infection, and has been investigated extensively for its efficacy as antiviral therapy. The potential therapeutic role of lentiviral-mediated short hairpin ribonucleic acid (shRNA) to Newcastle disease virus (NDV) replication in vivo has been explored less often. We constructed two recombinant lentiviral vectors containing shRNA against the phosphoprotein (P) of the NDV, RNAi-341 and RNAi-671. Recombinant shRNA lentivirus vectors were co-transfected into 293T cells, along with helper plasmids, to package the recombinant shRNA lentivirus. Lentivirus-based shRNAs were titrated and transduced into NDV-susceptible chicken embryo fibroblasts (CEFs) and chick embryos. Antiviral activity against the NDV strain was evaluated by virus titration and real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction. RNAi-341 and RNAi-671 strongly suppressed transient expression of a FLAG-tagged P fusion protein in 293T cells. RNAi-341 and RNAi-671 NDV reduced virus titers by 66.6-fold and 30.6-fold, respectively, in CEFs 16 h after infection. RNAi-341 and RNAi-671 reduced virus titers in specific pathogen-free chick embryos by 99% and 98%, respectively, 48 h after infection. Both shRNAs inhibited accumulation of not only P-gene mRNA, but also nucleocapsid, M-, F-, HN-, and L-gene mRNA. RNAi-341 silenced P-gene mRNA more potently than RNAi-671. These results suggest that shRNAs silencing the P gene had substantial antiviral properties and inhibited NDV replication in CEFs and chick embryos.

Enrichment analysis of Alu elements with different spatial chromatin proximity in the human genome

Transposable elements (TEs) have no longer been totally considered as "junk DNA" for quite a time since the continual discoveries of their multifunctional roles in eukaryote genomes. As one of the most important and abundant TEs that still active in human genome, Alu, a SINE family, has demonstrated its indispensable regulatory functions at sequence level, but its spatial roles are still unclear. Technologies based on 3C (chromosome conformation capture) have revealed the mysterious three-dimensional structure of chromatin, and make it possible to study the distal chromatin interaction in the genome. To find the role TE playing in distal regulation in human genome, we compiled the new released Hi-C data, TE annotation, histone marker annotations, and the genome-wide methylation data to operate correlation analysis, and found that the density of Alu elements showed a strong positive correlation with the level of chromatin interactions (hESC: r = 0.9, P < 2.2 × 10(16); IMR90 fibroblasts: r = 0.94, P < 2.2 × 10(16)) and also have a significant positive correlation with some remote functional DNA elements like enhancers and promoters (Enhancer: hESC: r = 0.997, P = 2.3 × 10(-4); IMR90: r = 0.934, P = 2 × 10(-2); Promoter: hESC: r = 0.995, P = 3.8 × 10(-4); IMR90: r = 0.996, P = 3.2 × 10(-4)). Further investigation involving GC content and methylation status showed the GC content of Alu covered sequences shared a similar pattern with that of the overall sequence, suggesting that Alu elements also function as the GC nucleotide and CpG site provider. In all, our results suggest that the Alu elements may act as an alternative parameter to evaluate the Hi-C data, which is confirmed by the correlation analysis of Alu elements and histone markers. Moreover, the GC-rich Alu sequence can bring high GC content and methylation flexibility to the regions with more distal chromatin contact, regulating the transcription of tissue-specific genes.

Expression of tumor stem cell markers in the tumor sphere from esophageal squamous cells carcinoma Eca109 / 解剖学报

Objective To observe the expression of tumor stem cell markers P 75NTR,Oct-4,Sox-2,Lin28 and Nanog in the tumor sphere from esophageal squamous cells carcinoma Eca 109 and identify the esophageal squamous cell cancer stem cell marker .Methods The serum-free culture method was used for generating tumor spheres: proliferation was observed in enrichment culture tumor spheres .Small tumor spheres were obtained after 5 days culture and big and round tumor spheres appeared after 14 days culture which were collected for experiments and passaged .The expression and location of P75NTR,Oct-4,Sox-2,Lin28, and Nanog were detected by immunofluorescence cytochemistry .Results The expressions of P75NTR,Oct-4 and Lin28 were positive in the center of tumor spheres and some on cytoplasm and other in nuclei of Eca109 monolayer cells.However, Oct-4 fluorescence intensity was weaker than P75NTR.The expressions of Sox-2 and Nanog were positive in cytoplasm of tumor spheres and Eca 109 monolayer cells .Conclusion The cells expressing P75NTR, Oct-4, and Lin28 in the center of the tumor sphere may be esophageal cancer stem cells .

Analysis on the non-structural protein genes of avian influenza viruses subtype H5N1 isolated from chicken in China / 中国人兽共患病学报

Fourteen H9N2 avian influenza viruses (AIV) were isolated from sick chickens in China from 1998 to 2008. The sequences of the Non-structural(NS) gene of these isolates were determined by RT-PCR and sequencing, and the entire ORF sequences of NS1 and NS2 protein were obtained.-The homology of these nucleotide sequences and the putative amino acid sequences were compared with several classic reference viruses of H9N2. These isolates were proved to be highly homologous in NS gene (92.9%-99.9% identity) and all belonged to A/Chicken/Beijing/1/1994-like group in the Asia bird-swine branch of allele A of HS gene phylogenetic tree.-According to this study and previous reports of other researchers, NS gene of H9N2 subtype AIV in chickens of China is genetically stable and there is no enough evidence to support the establishment of other sub-lineages in chickens.

Channel radiofrequency volumetric reduction of tongue base a vitro porcine three-dimensional reconstruction experiment for the treatment of obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome / 临床耳鼻咽喉头颈外科杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To investigate lesion size caused by channel radiofrequency volumetric reduction of porcine tongue base in vitro using the technique of three-dimensional reconstruction. And to evaluate safety about channel radiofrequency volumetric reduction of tongue base.@*METHOD@#Eighteen fresh porcine tongues were randomly separated into six groups,and each group had three ones. The tongue bases were designed six points according to description of Powell. Tongues base were acted on 10 s and 6 level by Coblation radiofrequency system and were cut into serial freezing histological sections. These segments were sectioned at 20 microm on the injury lesion and stained with H & E. Collected 2D digital imagine of order histological sections, drawn and cut apart part of the lesion of these sections. Images were processed IPS and were taken three-dimensional reconstruction and statistics analyzes with SPSS10.0.@*RESULT@#The mean value of tongue base lesion volumes among points was (359.5 +/- 5.6) mm3, (364.3 +/- 7.0) mm, (363.7 +/- 7.2) mm3, (354.1 +/- 11.8) mm3, (349.4 +/- 17.2) mm3, (353.5 +/- 7.9) mm3 separately. Statistic analysis by one-way ANOVA showed that there was a insignificant difference between the groups (P>0.05).@*CONCLUSION@#These results demonstrated no significant effect lesion size in channel radiofrequency volumetric reduction in the different points of the tongue base. These data also indicated that coblation radiofrequency system is a safe method for obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome.

Channel radiofrequency volumetric reduction of tongue base a vitro porcine three-dimensional reconstruction experiment for the treatment of obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome / 临床耳鼻咽喉头颈外科杂志

Objective:To investigate lesion size caused by channel radiofrequency volumetric reduction of por-cine tongue base in vitro using the technique of three-dimensional reconstruction. And to evaluate safety about channel radiofrequency volumetric reduction of tongue base. Method: Eighteen fresh porcine tongues were randomly separated into six groups,and each group had three ones. The tongue bases were designed six points according to description of Powell. Tongues base were acted on 10 s and 6 level by Coblation radiofrequency system and were cut into serial freezing histological sections. These segments were sectioned at 20 μm on the injury lesion and stained with H & E. Collected 2D digital imagine of order histological sections, drawn and cut apart part of the le-sion of these sections. Images were procesed IPS and were taken three-dimensional reconstruction and statistics an-alyzes with SPSS10. 0. Result: The mean value of tongue base lesion volumes among points was (359. 5± 5. 6)mm~3 ,(364. 3±7. 0)mm~3 ,(363. 7±7. 2)mm~3, (354. 1±11. 8)mm~3, (349. 4±17. 2)mm~3 ,(353. 5±7. 9)mm~3 separately. Statistic analysis by one-way ANOVA showed that there was a insignificant difference between the groups(P>0. 05). Conclusion:These results demonstrated no significant effect lesion size in channel radiofrequency volumetric reduction in the different points of the tongue base. These data also indicated that coblation radiofre-quency system is a safe method for obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome.

Effects of Salvionolic Acids Dialyzate on Biocompatibility of Hemodialysis Polysulfone Membrane / 中国药房

OBJECTIVE:To study the effects of Salvionolic acids dialyzate on anaphylatoxin,C-reactive protein(CRP),interleukin-6(IL-6)and tumor necrosis factor-?(TNF-?)in peripheral blood of patients with maintenance hemodialysis(MHD)and to discuss whether the Salvionolic acids dialyzate could improve the blood-membrane biocompatibility.METHODS:Thirty-six patients undergoing MHD for at least half a year were randomly divided into 3 groups:control group(conventional hemodialysis,n=12),low-dose group(dialysate with salvionolic acids 40 mg?L-1,n=12)and high-dose group(dialysate with Salvionolic acids 80 mg?L-1,n=12).Dialyzer of the polysulfone membranes was firstly used in all patients.Patients' blood sampling was scheduled before dialysis,30 minutes after dialysis and at the end of dialysis(5 minutes before withdrawal of dialyzer)for measurement of serum levels of complement(C3a,C5a),CRP,IL-6 and TNF-? using enzyme linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA).RESULTS:As compared with before dialysis,the levels of C3a and C5a in both control group and low-dose group were evidently increased at 30 minutes,while the difference in high-dose group was nonsignificant.No significant differences of IL-6 and TNF-? were found between pre-dialysis and post-dialysis in three groups.As compared with before dialysis,the concentration of CRP in control and low-dose groups obviously increased but decreased obviously in high-dose group after dialysis.CONCLUSION:The production of C3a,C5a and CRP in the process of hemodialysis could be inhibited by a certain dose of Salvionolic acids dialyzate,which can improve the biocompatibility of the dialysis-membrane to some degree,but can't improve the levels of IL-6 and TNF-? after single-time dialysis.

Study on the levels of serum insulin-like growth factor 1 in patients with metabolic syndrome / 中华老年医学杂志

Objective To investigate the relationship between serum insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF1) and metabolic syndrome ( MS) . Methods Four hundred and sixty-five subjects were enrolled and divided into two groups: MS group( n = 255) and non-MS group as control(n = 210). Fasting levels of blood glucose (FBG), insulin (Ins) , C peptide (Cp) , cholesterol (Cho) , triglyceride (TG), lower-density lipoprotein cholesterin ( LDL-C) , higher-density lipoprotein cholesterin ( HDL -C), lipoprotein a (Lpa), serum IGF1, postprandial 2 hours blood glucose (PBG), and BMI were measured in these persons. Results The levels of IGF1, Cp, FBG, PBG, CT, TG, LDL-C, BMI were higher, and HDL-C was lower in MS group than those in non-MS group (all P